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This project is proposed to create biological habitat, inhibit shoreline erosion on highly eroded areas, inhibit mobilization of sediment and nutrients, and reintroduce native plants to an area invaded by common reed. The benefits expected include: increased complexity and diversity of habitat for fish and other wildlife, decreased turbidity, siltation, and nutrient loading for improved water quality, increase of native plant species, and the protection of infrastructure necessary for the outdoor recreators to Rend Lake and its surrounding communities. This will promote increased density of priority game fishes and other desirable organisms for greater quality of experiences for anglers, campers, and other outdoor enthusiasts. This improvement project will also increase tourism dollars spent in the surrounding communities.

• Siltation
• Limited littoral structure
• Nuisance species

• • Largemouth bass, white crappie, black crappie, bluegill, channel catfish, flathead catfish, white bass, striped bass, freshwater drum and gizzard shad

Rend Lake is a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) reservoir located in Jefferson and Franklin Counties of southern Illinois. The Rend Lake dam is located on the Big Muddy River, 103.7 miles upstream from in confluence with the Mississippi River. At normal pool (405.0 feet), Rend Lake has a surface area of 20,633 acres, a maximum depth of 35 feet, and a mean depth of 10 feet. The lake is thirteen miles long and three miles wide and has 162 miles of shoreline. It is the second largest impoundment in Illinois. The Rend Lake project contains 53 recreation areas, with 756 campsites, 104 picnic sites, 30 boat ramps, 235 marina slips, and over 34 miles of trails. Nearly 2 million people visit Rend Lake annually, generating on average $35M in visitor spending within 30-miles of the project. Rend Lake's missions include flood risk management, water supply, water quality, fish and wildlife conservation, recreation, and area redevelopment.
Rend Lake is home to more than 38 species of fish and is known for its excellent crappie fishing. Rend Lake is not ideal for largemouth bass reproduction due to the dramatically varying spring water levels. This results in the need for an annual supplemental LMB stocking to offset poor reproduction years. With the help from the IDNR, just over 425,000 bass fingerlings have been stocked in Rend Lake in the last ten years including 70,339 bass fingerlings (5-6 inches) in 2022. This fluctuation of water levels has also affected the shorelines of Rend Lake, causing major erosion and the need to armor its shorelines for the protection of cultural resources, infrastructure, lake longevity, and water quality. Shoreline erosion is also prevalent due to flat terrain, wave action from winds and boaters, and the lack of sands and gravel in the soil.
The water level's drastic transitions from drought year to flood year has also allowed the invasion of common reed (Phragmites australis) on almost every section of shoreline that is not armored at Rend Lake. This is threatening the lake's shallow water locations for crappie spawning.
To combat these issues, Rend Lake USACE continues to promote habitat restoration through the annual Christmas Tree Drop event leveraging over $60K and supplementing multiple locations each year with the donation of 600 plus trees. We also continue to use funds when possible to purchase materials to construct artificial structures that long outlast the woody vegetation. Through partnerships with local eagle scouts, the IDNR, and a local high school Outdoorsmen Club, 50 "modified Georgia Cubes" and over 1,100 porcupine and spider block structures were built and placed in Rend Lake over the last 3 years. Another 32 cubes have been built and are ready for placement soon. These projects leveraged over $40K and has greatly improved the Rend Lake fisheries. The following is the link to take you to our recent fish habitat improvement project results: https://indd.adobe.com/view/d9114370-0607-4cc0-8433-f02f754826df Also, the USACE invests an average of $250K each year to repair shoreline erosion; an estimated $10M in whole to protect the lake and its features.

Rend Lake USACE will be using federal funding and help from multiple partners to protect shoreline, create habitat, fight invasive species, and promote healthy fish populations. In previous years, shoreline protection involved placing large rock directly onto the eroding slope. After learning how other locations are creating rock dikes along the base of their shoreline, above the normal wave action line, to allow for natural sluffing and to create natural habitat, we decided this was the best solution for our shoreline with the most extreme slopes. Three of the worst areas, with the most to protect, add up to over 1300 feet of shoreline. These areas fall near or within recreation areas and are used by campers, boaters, and anglers all year long. Without the addition of rock, several campsites and part of the roadways will soon disappear into the lake taking away from outdoor experiences and tourism dollars. One of these areas also contain a large amount of cultural resources that need to be protected. Using federal funds, over 4000 lbs of 400 lbs rip rap will be added to the base of the shoreline in the fall of 2023. In 2024, in partnership with the Southern IL Wildlife Association and the Rend Lake Sportsmen’s Alliance, 60 container Bald Cypress trees will be planted behind the rock along the shoreline to provide additional shoreline stabilization and habitat for aquatic life. A local eagle scout and volunteers will assist USACE and the IDNR in planting appropriate aquatic and wetland native species plugs along 30,000ft2 section of shoreline.
A second phase of the project will address common reed. This invasive species continues to present a significant management challenge at Rend Lake. It is continuing to expand and invade shallow water areas including the Jackie Branch Cove. The Jackie Branch Cove is full of anglers all times of the year, but one long dry season and the common reed could take the majority of the Cove over, depleting oxygen levels and becoming too thick for boat and even fish use. In partnership with the River to River Cooperative Weed Management Area (RCWMA)organization, donated maps from a free flyover were provided, showing all of the phragmites locations. The RCWMA also provided us with the correct prescription to kill this invading weed and helped us find an aerial contractor who could perform the spraying. In 2020 and 2021, USACE and RCWMA has successfully sprayed over 270 acres of common reed, bringing their population down to less than 10% in the applied areas. A "touch up" chemical application was performed in the late summer of 2022 and will continue in 2023 followed by prescribed fire. This will leave over 5 acres at Jackie Branch cove bare and open to potential new spread of common reed. To combat this, 240 bald cypress trees along with native aquatic plant plugs will be planted in these areas. This will be accomplished through partnership with the Southern IL Wildlife Association, the Rend Lake Sportsmen’s Association, IDNR, local eagle scouts, and the local high school Outdoorsmen Club.

Success of the project will be gauged primarily by the bank stabilization, reduction of common reed, and native plant expansion outside of the planting area, and secondarily by fish response to the restoration areas. IDNR fisheries biologist will continue to conduct annual fall standardized fish population surveys and fall annual stocking success surveys to evaluate changes in the fish populations. The surveys provide data such as density, size, and body condition. Species evaluated would include largemouth bass, crappie, bluegill, catfish, striped bass hybrids, and white bass. Please see the 2023 Fisheries Fact Sheet attached. The IDNR and USACE have also surveyed the artificial structures placed recently, finding that they are heavily used. The IDNR will continue to perform their surveys and take note of newly restored areas for comparison from the past and into the future.
The Rend Lake USACE will place physical stakes and take GPS points to mark the outside boundaries of the planted native species plugs. USACE will also take a preliminary slope with follow up measurements annually. The survivability of the cypress trees will also be measured and note taken of which locations, and their characteristics, they performed the best in.
Improvements to angling quality will be monitored through personal contacts. The USACE has a great working relationship with several anglers that fish Rend Lake almost daily. They provide us with input for our weekly fishing report, give us advice on where best to place artificial structures, and assist us with setting woody vegetation and artificial habitat.
Use of the camping loop that will benefit from the bank stabilization will also be monitored through reports from the reservation system. Currently the bank is too steep to fish from, but over time should sluff to a natural slope allowing for public use.

Signage listing the major contributors making the habitat restoration possible will be displayed at the Jackie Branch Boat Ramp and along the shoreline of the other shoreline project areas. Contributors include: USACE, IDNR, Southern IL Wildlife Association, Rend Lake Sportsmen’s Association, Multiple Eagle Scouts/Troops, Sesser-Valier Outdoorsmen Club, Friends of Reservoirs, and Reservoir Fish Habitat Partnership.
News Releases will be sent to all local news stations and radio stations explaining the projects, partner contributions, and grant funding provided.
Articles explaining the above will also be written and published in the monthly "Rend Lake Adventures" and the annual "Rend Lake Visitor Guide". These are distributed through the campgrounds, local communities, and through the Rend Lake Area Tourism Council's managed Facebook page and websites, rendlake.com and enjoyrend.com.
The USACE also has a Facebook page (12,000+ targeted followers) and the Rend Lake Project website. These posts are continuously shared by the local fishing guides and fishing clubs.
We will continue to discuss our habitat projects with stakeholders during annual communication meetings and during public events, such as the annual tree drop.
A public meeting will also be held to discuss all facets of invasive species management, including the work that will be accomplished with the help of this funding.

• Project deliverables include: 300 container Bald Cypress trees partially donated and planted by the Southern IL Wildlife Association and the Rend Lake Sportsmen’s Association along bank stabilization area and common reed eradication shoreline; 4000 lbs of large rock purchased and placed to provide toe dike for 26,000ft2 of bank stabilization, purchased by Rend Lake USACE; eradication of 270 acres of common reed provided by Rend Lake USACE and time donated by RWMA; 70,000ft2 of bank planted in native aquatic and wetland species plugs purchased by Rend Lake USACE and eagle scouts, planted by USACE, eagle scouts, Outdoorsmen Club and IDNR.

IL Department of Natural Resources
The IL Department of Natural Resources will continue to survey the lake and will assist USACE with leading this project. The IDNR will provide standards and expertise on what type of plants and how/when to conduct the planting. They will be the main source for monitoring and providing evaluation measures and results.

The FOR grant funds (requesting $40,000) would be used to purchase the native aquatic and wetland plant plugs and a portion of the container Bald Cypress trees to plant in conjunction with trees donated and planted by Southern IL Wildlife Association and the Rend Lake Sportsmen’s Association, using their labor and vessels. The IL Department of Natural Resources will continue to survey the lake and will assist USACE with leading this project. The IDNR will provide standards and expertise on what type of plants and how/when to conduct the planting. They will be the main source for monitoring and providing evaluation measures and results USACE is funding the purchase and placement of 4000 lbs of large rock and aerial spray the common reed (both performed via contracts and totaling $610,000) along with labor to coordinate this project and assist with planting the plugs ($70,000). RCWMA has provided thousands in leveraged dollars towards the eradication project thus far and we estimate another $4,000 specifically for the Jackie Branch cove area, assisting with the follow up sprays and the follow up flyover to map the areas. The local eagle scouts and outdoorsmen club members are estimated to provide a total of $22,722.24 though labor and some supply of the native plants (purchased through money fundraised by the eagle scouts) to cover 70,000sf2 of bank shoreline.
Rock is expected to be placed in the fall of 2023 if funding and water levels allow. Additional chemical application to common reed was performed in August of 2022 and will continue in August of 2023 with follow up burning to get rid of the remaining stalk. Planting of the shoreline for erosion control along with the Jackie Branch cove shoreline would be ideal to plant in the late fall of 2023 or early spring of 2024. This will be dependent upon lake levels and temperature. The typical annual monitoring will continue each fall and the short term monitoring for the success of this process will be completed in 2025.